Del Contrato de Descuento a la Póliza de Descuento
El contrato de descuento también conocido como línea de descuento, es un tipo de contrato con intervención notarial que se tramita en nuestra notaría online y física y que sirve a las empresas para mejorar su flujo de caja. Su formalización ante Notario recibe el nombre de póliza de descuento.
Como Notarios en Pólizas en Barcelona especializados en esta temática queremos explicarte toda la información relacionada con los contratos de descuento online y presencial ante Notario, qué son, cómo se producen, sus requisitos y más.
¿Qué es un contrato de Descuento o línea de descuento?
El contrato descuento o línea de descuento comercial es un producto destinado a empresas con derechos de cobro. Ofrece la posibilidad de adelantar dicho cobro sin esperar al vencimiento, lo que les permite obtener liquidez inmediata.
Los intervinientes son normalmente una sociedad mercantil y una entidad de crédito. La entidad de crédito, en relación al riesgo comercial existente, determina el plazo y el monto máximo para cubrir el pago.
En la póliza de descuento, la entidad financiera concede el adelanto de fondos en función de documentos como facturas, pagarés, letras de cambio y otros efectos comerciales. Pero normalmente es la empresa o sociedad mercantil quien gestiona el cobro y quien asume el riesgo de impago (sino paga deberá devolver el dinero a la entidad financiera).
En el contrato de descuento existen intereses (fijos o variables), comisiones (de apertura, renovación, fijas o nominales o por impago) y su formalización, puede realizarse ante Notario.
¿Cómo hacer un contrato de descuento comercial?
Los contratos de descuento comercial son una solución a la que se pueden acoger la mayor parte de las empresas. Para obtener una línea de descuento debe hablar con su banco.
Tipos de Contrato de descuento
Podemos dividirlas según su frecuencia de uso o según el efecto a descontar.
Según su frecuencia de uso encontramos el descuento comercial permanente y el puntual o transitorio.
¿Qué es la línea de Descuento Comercial Permanente?
La línea de descuento comercial permanente es una opción ideal para empresas que hagan un uso frecuente de esta solución financiera y permite descontar efectos de forma periódica mientras es revisado por la entidad. Es decir, un cliente puede ir descontando facturas, letras y pagarés continuamente hasta un importe determinado.
Salvo pacto en contrario (que implicará pagar alguna comisión especial), la empresa que contrata el descuento asume la responsabilidad en caso de impago: esto significa que recae sobre la empresa el pagar el importe que la entidad financiera les ha adelantado.
¿Qué es el contrato de Descuento Puntual o Transitorio?
En el contrato de descuento puntual no se produce en línea o de forma periódica, sino que se ofrece como solución para un efecto único (una factura de un contrato público, un crédito fiscal, un pagaré o una letra de cambio) y suelen ser sin recurso para la empresa si se produce un impago.
Según el efecto a descontar, también encontramos:
Descuento Comercial con Soporte Electrónico
Los efectos comerciales se producen en formato electrónico regulado y aceptado por los intervinientes (SEPA).
Descuento comercial en base al efecto Comercial Físico
Los efectos comerciales son físicos como el pagaré o un recibo físico.
¿Qué es un Descuento Ordinario o Descuento Forfait?
Además, como descuento ordinario entendemos a la solución financiera que depende del tipo y de las características del documento como su plazo o riesgo para las comisiones e intereses. Estas comisiones o intereses se calculan en función de la progresión del plazo, es decir, desde que se hace el descuento hasta que vence el documento. Si el plazo es mayor, más comisiones e intereses serán abonados.
Y, por descuento forfait, denominamos a las pólizas descuento en las cuales las comisiones e intereses son fijos, aplicando un único porcentaje, sin importar el tiempo que falte para su vencimiento.
¿Cuál es la diferencia entre contrato de descuento y factoring?
El contrato de factoring o factoraje también es un recurso financiero parecido, pero la diferencia entre factoring y línea de crédito radica en el servicio, la administración del cobro y los riesgos. Así, el factoring suele ser un contrato de duración más larga y donde se transfieren solo facturas comerciales. Además, en el factoring es la entidad financiera quien gestiona el cobro.
En cuanto a la asunción de riesgos, mientras que en el contrato de descuento recae sobre la empresa, el de factoring dependerá si es con recurso o sin recurso. Asimismo, el factoring incluye servicios como la gestión del cobro, el análisis de solvencia o incluso la asunción de riesgo de impago, lo que hace que también incluya mayores comisiones, mientras que el contrato de descuento se limita al anticipo del importe de un efecto comercial.
Finalmente, podemos diferenciarlos en tanto que el contrato de descuento se usa como operación en línea o puntual para obtener liquidez anticipada; el factoring se ofrece como solución integral a varias opciones como la cesión de cuentas, el cobro y su gestión o el riesgo que supone.
Diferencia entre operaciones con recurso y sin recurso
Las operaciones bancarias pueden ser con recurso o sin recurso, en función de si el beneficiario mantiene o no responsabilidad en caso de impago.
- Operación con recurso: Si el deudor no paga, el banco puede reclamar la deuda al cedente (quien transfirió el crédito). Es decir, el cedente sigue siendo responsable y deberá asumir el impago.
- Operación sin recurso: En este caso, el banco asume el riesgo de impago y no puede reclamar la deuda al cedente. Una vez transferido el crédito, el cedente queda libre de cualquier responsabilidad.
En el descuento de pagarés, si es con recurso, la empresa que cede el pagaré sigue siendo responsable si el deudor no paga. Si es sin recurso, el banco asume el riesgo y la empresa no deberá responder en caso de impago.
El Papel del Notario en la Póliza de Descuento
Llegado a un acuerdo entre los intervinientes, la póliza de descuento deberá ser firmada ante Notario. El Notario desempeña un papel fundamental e interviene en ellas otorgando validez legal, dando fe en la firma y el consentimiento de la operación para que el contenido sea íntegramente dispuesto según la ley.
Asimismo, facilita la ejecución en el caso de incumplimiento de lo pactado por vía judicial, ya que el contrato de descuento notarial evita la impugnación ante un tribunal y disminuye el riesgo de litigios.
El Notario legitimará las firmas y custodiará el documento original firmado. Expedirá las copias necesarias para los firmantes.
La figura del Notario desarrolla un papel fundamental en este proceso ya que le orientará y asistirá en todo momento, solventando sus dudas y asesorándole sobre las mejores opciones para usted e incluso considerando otro tipo de pólizas. Puede escoger el Notario que desee y no simplemente el propuesto por el otro interviniente.
Contáctenos para su consulta esté donde esté mediante nuestro servicio de Notarios Online. Se ejecutará de forma efectiva la intervención y firma de la póliza de descuento ante Notario.
Documentos necesarios para firmar un contrato de descuento ante Notario
Será necesaria la presentación, como mínimo, de:
- Documentos de identificación de los firmantes de la póliza
- Póliza con las condiciones.
¿Cuánto cuesta una póliza de descuento notarial?
Los honorarios para la tramitación de una póliza de descuento en notaría están regulados en el arancel notarial. El precio de los actos notariales está regulado por el Gobierno y se ajusta a la normativa reguladora del ARANCEL NOTARIAL (RD 1426/1989, de 17 de noviembre, por el que se regula el Arancel de los Notarios).
El coste de la póliza depende entre otros aspectos del importe de la deuda y del número de folios de la póliza.
No obstante, el precio exacto de un documento notarial no puede calcularse hasta que se conoce su contenido concreto, es decir, hasta que esté firmado, pues son muchas las circunstancias que lo pueden hacer variar. El número de copias que se pide de un documento, el importe de la operación, los folios que contiene además de posibles cambios o añadidos pueden variar ligeramente el precio final.
Si desea recibir un presupuesto personalizado, le invitamos a contactarnos directamente por la vía que usted prefiera. Lo puede hacer a través del formulario de contacto de la página principal de esta web, mediante la sección contactar que encontrará en el pie de página de la web, usando el acceso directo a WhatsApp en la parte inferior derecha de esta página, enviando un correo electrónico a bcn@jlanotarios.com o llamándonos al teléfono 93 159 17 62.
JLA Notarios, Póliza de Descuento en Barcelona
En JLA Notarios nos enorgullece poder ofrecer soluciones seguras y eficientes sobre operaciones financieras. Póngase en contacto para obtener más información sobre la póliza de descuento y recibir una asesoría personalizada con un trámite ágil y seguro donde le ofrezcamos soluciones a sus necesidades específicas.
Nos encantará recibirle para ayudarle a formalizar su contrato de descuento notarial. Puede acercarse presencialmente o consultarnos de forma digital por nuestra notaría online desde cualquier punto de España. Si necesita un presupuesto también puede reservar cita en el mail polizas@jlanotarios.com.
En JLA Notarios somos especialistas en pólizas notariales y expertos en su regulación. Reciba un asesoramiento personalizado y obtenga una gestión eficiente ya sea en nuestra Notaría en Barcelona o mediante los servicios de nuestra Notaría digital.
By your side in the moments that matter
Wills and inheritance
Making a will, making a declaration of heirs or awarding inheritance are very important moments in people’s lives.
At JLA Notarios we offer inheritance law services, both to arrange your estate and to divide up inheritance, guaranteeing the best advice for your particular needs while studying the tax implications of each case. We never forget the human factor. We even offer a notary service at home if necessary.
Contracts and property law
Over the course of our lives, we carry out important actions, such as buying a home, declaring a new-build, lifetime gifting to our children or ending partnerships, among many others.
At JLA Notarios we are experts in property and contract law and buying and selling property. We guide our clients, analysing each particular issue and always considering the tax burden of each transaction.
In addition, some of our notarial services can be performed online, so we can assist you from anywhere in Spain. Contact us to declare a new-build or a commonhold ownership structure online.
Mortgage
Taking out a mortgage is one of the biggest moments for anyone. Just think of the fees and interest you may have to pay for much of your life. So it is essential to have a trusted notary to help you understand what you are signing, explaining the tricky legal terms and their future consequences in simple words, to provide transparency and protect our clients.
At JLA Notarios we are aware of the importance of giving complete and understandable information to people about to sign a mortgage, novation or subrogation. We also advise and guide you on your future mortgage cancellation.
Loan agreements and credit facilities
Individuals and companies often need money to fulfil their dreams or projects. This can be obtained by taking out a loan or credit facility with your bank. When you sign, it is essential to understand the details properly to avoid future surprises.
JLA Notarios can be your trusted notary office, giving you accurate advice on loan contracts, providing a very agile and specialised service for processing loan contracts.
Bear in mind that from 9 November 2023, you will be able to sign your loan contracts from anywhere in Spain electronically by videoconference with JLA Notarios, saving you time and money. Do not hesitate to contact us to find out more about the notary office’s services in order to sign a loan contract online or sign a credit facility online.
Companies
Without entrepreneurship there is no future, so it is of vital importance to support our businesspeople and entrepreneurs.
At JLA Notaries we are familiar with companies’ life cycle, which enables us to provide legal assistance for companies in their different stages, whether incorporation, modifications of their articles of association, changes of director, share sales and purchases, capital increases and reductions, dissolution and closure, and everything related to commercial matters.
Powers of attorney
There are moments in life when a person needs to delegate. The law provides a tool for this: powers of attorney. Though a power of attorney, one person allows another person to act on their behalf.
At JLA Notarios we make sure that you understand the significance and risks of delegating or revoking powers of attorney, from a special power of attorney or power of attorney for lawsuits, to general powers of attorney or preventive powers of attorney for cases of incapacity.
We provide an agile service to sign powers of attorney. You can take your copy away immediately, saving you unnecessary trips, and from 9 November 2023 our clients will be able to sign all powers of attorney that are not general or preventive by videoconference through our digital notary office.
Family affairs
A prosperous society is based on the family and its protection. Family Law provides you with the tools to protect your family and its members, so its foundations are solid and its purposes can be achieved.
At JLA Notarios we provide legal advice on marriage or civil partnerships; property aspects of the family through marriage contracts or civil partnership contracts; the moments when the family relationship is ended, in cases such as divorce or separation; and protection of vulnerable people, such as minors or people with modified capacity, through deeds of appointment of guardians or executors or creation of protected assets. We do all of this in a way that makes everyone involved feel equally supported and secure.
Certifications and authentications
It is common knowledge that notaries attest. That important and simple action can guarantee things of vital importance, such as ensuring that the signature on a document is authentic or certifying that a copy of a document matches the original.
At JLA Notarios we will help you to certify a document or notarise a signature in accordance with the law and tailored to your specific needs.
In addition, these notarial procedures can be carried out conveniently through electronic means from 9 November 2023.
Notarial deeds
How many times have you wanted to record an event, a statement or the status of an object, or to notify someone of an issue. The law provides us with notarial deeds to deal with these matters.
At JLA Notarios we adapt to you, stating in the deed what you need and issuing your notifications and requests.
Oath of citizenship
Behind every oath of citizenship lies a story of overcoming, sacrifice and waiting.
At JLA Notarios we know what this moment means and we provide an empathetic, agile and fast service. We don’t just advise you about the actual swearing-in, but also inform you of the future requirements that new Spanish citizens need to know.
We are your go-to notary’s office to swear the oath of citizenship before a notary public in Barcelona.
Apostille of the hague convention
Globalisation enables the free movement of people and documents of all kinds. How can you guarantee that a document has been officially issued? With an apostille of the Hague Convention.
JLA Notarios can obtain an apostille for all documents executed before us so they are valid and recognised abroad. We do this transparently and save you all the bureaucratic procedures involved.
Tax and registry procedures
Tax bureaucracy can cause a lot of headaches.
So JLA Notarios offers its clients the possibility of assessing and paying the many different taxes by the executing deeds and carrying out other procedures before the notary. We can also file them with the Land or Companies Registry so you do not have to concern yourself with it and can spend your time on the things that matter. We support you from start to finish.
Wills and inheritance
Making a will, making a declaration of heirs or awarding inheritance are very important moments in people’s lives.
At JLA Notarios we offer inheritance law services, both to arrange your estate and to divide up inheritance, guaranteeing the best advice for your particular needs while studying the tax implications of each case. We never forget the human factor. We even offer a notary service at home if necessary.
Contracts and property law
Over the course of our lives, we carry out important actions, such as buying a home, declaring a new-build, lifetime gifting to our children or ending partnerships, among many others.
At JLA Notarios we are experts in property and contract law and buying and selling property. We guide our clients, analysing each particular issue and always considering the tax burden of each transaction.
In addition, some of our notarial services can be performed online, so we can assist you from anywhere in Spain. Contact us to declare a new-build or a commonhold ownership structure online.
Mortgage
Taking out a mortgage is one of the biggest moments for anyone. Just think of the fees and interest you may have to pay for much of your life. So it is essential to have a trusted notary to help you understand what you are signing, explaining the tricky legal terms and their future consequences in simple words, to provide transparency and protect our clients.
At JLA Notarios we are aware of the importance of giving complete and understandable information to people about to sign a mortgage, novation or subrogation. We also advise and guide you on your future mortgage cancellation.
Loan agreements and credit facilities
Individuals and companies often need money to fulfil their dreams or projects. This can be obtained by taking out a loan or credit facility with your bank. When you sign, it is essential to understand the details properly to avoid future surprises.
JLA Notarios can be your trusted notary office, giving you accurate advice on loan contracts, providing a very agile and specialised service for processing loan contracts.
Bear in mind that from 9 November 2023, you will be able to sign your loan contracts from anywhere in Spain electronically by videoconference with JLA Notarios, saving you time and money. Do not hesitate to contact us to find out more about the notary office’s services in order to sign a loan contract online or sign a credit facility online.
Companies
Without entrepreneurship there is no future, so it is of vital importance to support our businesspeople and entrepreneurs.
At JLA Notaries we are familiar with companies’ life cycle, which enables us to provide legal assistance for companies in their different stages, whether incorporation, modifications of their articles of association, changes of director, share sales and purchases, capital increases and reductions, dissolution and closure, and everything related to commercial matters.
Powers of attorney
There are moments in life when a person needs to delegate. The law provides a tool for this: powers of attorney. Though a power of attorney, one person allows another person to act on their behalf.
At JLA Notarios we make sure that you understand the significance and risks of delegating or revoking powers of attorney, from a special power of attorney or power of attorney for lawsuits, to general powers of attorney or preventive powers of attorney for cases of incapacity.
We provide an agile service to sign powers of attorney. You can take your copy away immediately, saving you unnecessary trips, and from 9 November 2023 our clients will be able to sign all powers of attorney that are not general or preventive by videoconference through our digital notary office.
Family affairs
A prosperous society is based on the family and its protection. Family Law provides you with the tools to protect your family and its members, so its foundations are solid and its purposes can be achieved.
At JLA Notarios we provide legal advice on marriage or civil partnerships; property aspects of the family through marriage contracts or civil partnership contracts; the moments when the family relationship is ended, in cases such as divorce or separation; and protection of vulnerable people, such as minors or people with modified capacity, through deeds of appointment of guardians or executors or creation of protected assets. We do all of this in a way that makes everyone involved feel equally supported and secure.
Certifications and authentications
It is common knowledge that notaries attest. That important and simple action can guarantee things of vital importance, such as ensuring that the signature on a document is authentic or certifying that a copy of a document matches the original.
At JLA Notarios we will help you to certify a document or notarise a signature in accordance with the law and tailored to your specific needs.
In addition, these notarial procedures can be carried out conveniently through electronic means from 9 November 2023.
Notarial deeds
How many times have you wanted to record an event, a statement or the status of an object, or to notify someone of an issue. The law provides us with notarial deeds to deal with these matters.
At JLA Notarios we adapt to you, stating in the deed what you need and issuing your notifications and requests.
Oath of citizenship
Behind every oath of citizenship lies a story of overcoming, sacrifice and waiting.
At JLA Notarios we know what this moment means and we provide an empathetic, agile and fast service. We don’t just advise you about the actual swearing-in, but also inform you of the future requirements that new Spanish citizens need to know.
We are your go-to notary’s office to swear the oath of citizenship before a notary public in Barcelona.
Apostille of the hague convention
Globalisation enables the free movement of people and documents of all kinds. How can you guarantee that a document has been officially issued? With an apostille of the Hague Convention.
JLA Notarios can obtain an apostille for all documents executed before us so they are valid and recognised abroad. We do this transparently and save you all the bureaucratic procedures involved.
Tax and registry procedures
Tax bureaucracy can cause a lot of headaches.
So JLA Notarios offers its clients the possibility of assessing and paying the many different taxes by the executing deeds and carrying out other procedures before the notary. We can also file them with the Land or Companies Registry so you do not have to concern yourself with it and can spend your time on the things that matter. We support you from start to finish.
